This report summarizes a the results of a five-year population, health, and environment (PHE) program in three environmental corridors and threatened ecosystems in Madagascar. The activity was implemented by the Environmental Health Project (EHP) on behalf of USAID to “determine if activities implemented in an integrated manner achieved better results than if the activities were implemented separately.” The purpose of the PHE programs is to target sector-specific projects to foster greater collaboration and amplify the integration of the activities to a more efficient level.

The “Household Food Security and Livelihood Concept” served as a roadmap for the designing and implementation of integrated PHE programming and provides a framework for the baseline and impact surveys. This report compares the results from the post-intervention surveys and the baseline surveys to explore the idea that integrated programs are more effective than those with a single-sector approach. In this report 29 PHE indicators are included that clearly show higher outcomes in integrated communities than non-integrated ones.